RTP Payload Format for H.264 Video

Status of This Memo

This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.

Copyright Notice

Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005).

Abstract

This memo describes an RTP Payload format for the ITU-T
Recommendation H.264 video codec and the technically identical
ISO/IEC International Standard 14496-10 video codec. The RTP payload
format allows for packetization of one or more Network Abstraction
Layer Units (NALUs), produced by an H.264 video encoder, in each RTP
payload. The payload format has wide applicability, as it supports
applications from simple low bit-rate conversational usage, to
Internet video streaming with interleaved transmission, to high bit-
rate video-on-demand.

Table of Contents

1. Introduction.................................................. 3
1.1. The H.264 Codec......................................... 3
1.2. Parameter Set Concept................................... 4
1.3. Network Abstraction Layer Unit Types.................... 5
2. Conventions................................................... 6
3. Scope......................................................... 6
4. Definitions and Abbreviations................................. 6
4.1. Definitions............................................. 6
5. RTP Payload Format............................................ 8
5.1. RTP Header Usage........................................ 8
5.2. Common Structure of the RTP Payload Format.............. 11
5.3. NAL Unit Octet Usage.................................... 12
5.4. Packetization Modes..................................... 14
5.5. Decoding Order Number (DON)............................. 15
5.6. Single NAL Unit Packet.................................. 18
5.7. Aggregation Packets..................................... 18
5.8. Fragmentation Units (FUs)............................... 27
6. Packetization Rules........................................... 31
6.1. Common Packetization Rules.............................. 31
6.2. Single NAL Unit Mode.................................... 32
6.3. Non-Interleaved Mode.................................... 32
6.4. Interleaved Mode........................................ 33
7. De-Packetization Process (Informative)........................ 33
7.1. Single NAL Unit and Non-Interleaved Mode................ 33
7.2. Interleaved Mode........................................ 34
7.3. Additional De-Packetization Guidelines.................. 36
8. Payload Format Parameters..................................... 37
8.1. MIME Registration....................................... 37
8.2. SDP Parameters.......................................... 52
8.3. Examples................................................ 58
8.4. Parameter Set Considerations............................ 60
9. Security Considerations....................................... 62
10. Congestion Control............................................ 63
11. IANA Considerations........................................... 64
12. Informative Appendix: Application Examples.................... 65
12.1. Video Telephony according to ITU-T Recommendation H.241
Annex A................................................. 65
12.2. Video Telephony, No Slice Data Partitioning, No NAL
Unit Aggregation........................................ 65
12.3. Video Telephony, Interleaved Packetization Using NAL
Unit Aggregation........................................ 66
12.4. Video Telephony with Data Partitioning.................. 66
12.5. Video Telephony or Streaming with FUs and Forward
Error Correction........................................ 67
12.6. Low Bit-Rate Streaming.................................. 69
12.7. Robust Packet Scheduling in Video Streaming............. 70
13. Informative Appendix: Rationale for Decoding Order Number..... 71
13.1. Introduction............................................ 71
13.2. Example of Multi-Picture Slice Interleaving............. 71
13.3. Example of Robust Packet Scheduling..................... 73
13.4. Robust Transmission Scheduling of Redundant Coded
Slices.................................................. 77
13.5. Remarks on Other Design Possibilities................... 77
14. Acknowledgements.............................................. 78
15. References.................................................... 78
15.1. Normative References.................................... 78
15.2. Informative References.................................. 79
Authors'' Addresses................................................ 81
Full Copyright Statement.......................................... 83

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